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- /*
- * ping.c
- *
- * Created : Thu Apr 15 09:48:07 1993 ppessi
- * Last modified: Wed Oct 20 16:59:14 1993 jraja
- */
-
- static const char version[] = "$VER: ping 2.1 (21.10.93)";
-
- char copyright[] =
- "@(#) Copyright © 1983 The Regents of the University of California.\n"
- "All rights reserved.\n"
- "Copyright © 1993 AmiTCP/IP Group, <amitcp-group@hut.fi>\n"
- "Helsinki University of Technology, Finland.\n"
- "All rights reserved.\n";
-
- /****** netutil.doc/ping ****************************************************
- *
- * NAME
- * ping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
- *
- * SYNOPSIS
- * ping [-dfnqrvR] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-p pattern]
- * [-s packetsize]
- *
- * DESCRIPTION
- * Ping uses the ICMP protocol's mandatory ECHO_REQUEST datagram to
- * elicit an ICMP ECHO_RESPONSE from a host or gateway. ECHO_REQUEST
- * datagrams (``pings'') have an IP and ICMP header, followed by a
- * ``struct timeval'' and then an arbitrary number of ``pad'' bytes
- * used to fill out the packet. The options are as follows: Other
- * options are:
- *
- * -c count
- * Stop after sending (and receiving) count ECHO_RESPONSE
- * packets.
- *
- * -d Set the SO_DEBUG option on the socket being used.
- *
- * -f Flood ping. Outputs packets as fast as they come back or
- * one hundred times per second, whichever is more. For every
- * ECHO_REQUEST sent a period ``.'' is printed, while for ever
- * ECHO_REPLY received a backspace is printed. This provides a
- * rapid display of how many packets are being dropped. Only
- * the super-user may use this option. This can be very hard
- * on a network and should be used with caution.
- *
- * -i wait
- * Wait wait seconds between sending each packet. The default
- * is to wait for one second between each packet. This option
- * is incompatible with the -f option.
- *
- * -l preload
- * If preload is specified, ping sends that many packets as
- * fast as possible before falling into its normal mode of
- * behavior.
- *
- * -n Numeric output only. No attempt will be made to lookup
- * symbolic names for host addresses.
- *
- * -p pattern
- * You may specify up to 16 ``pad'' bytes to fill out the
- * packet you send. This is useful for diagnosing
- * data-dependent problems in a network. For example, ``-p
- * ff'' will cause the sent packet to be filled with all ones.
- *
- * -q Quiet output. Nothing is displayed except the summary lines
- * at startup time and when finished.
- *
- * -R Record route. Includes the RECORD_ROUTE option in the
- * ECHO_REQUEST packet and displays the route buffer on
- * returned packets. Note that the IP header is only large
- * enough for nine such routes. Many hosts ignore or discard
- * this option.
- *
- * -r Bypass the normal routing tables and send directly to a host
- * on an attached network. If the host is not on a
- * directly-attached network, an error is returned. This
- * option can be used to ping a local host through an interface
- * that has no route through it.
- *
- * -s packetsize
- * Specifies the number of data bytes to be sent. The default
- * is 56, which translates into 64 ICMP data bytes when
- * combined with the 8 bytes of ICMP header data.
- *
- * -v Verbose output. ICMP packets other than ECHO_RESPONSE that
- * are received are listed.
- *
- * When using ping for fault isolation, it should first be run on the
- * local host, to verify that the local network interface is up and
- * running. Then, hosts and gateways further and further away should
- * be ``pinged''. Round-trip times and packet loss statistics are
- * computed. If duplicate packets are received, they are not included
- * in the packet loss calculation, although the round trip time of
- * these packets is used in calculating the minimum/average/maximum
- * round-trip time numbers. When the specified number of packets have
- * been sent (and received) or if the program is terminated with a
- * SIGINT, a brief summary is displayed.
- *
- * This program is intended for use in network testing, measurement and
- * management. Because of the load it can impose on the network, it is
- * unwise to use ping during normal operations or from automated
- * scripts.
- *
- * ICMP PACKET DETAILS
- * An IP header without options is 20 bytes. An ICMP ECHO_REQUEST
- * packet contains an additional 8 bytes worth of ICMP header followed
- * by an arbitrary amount of data. When a packetsize is given, this
- * indicated the size of this extra piece of data (the default is 56).
- * Thus the amount of data received inside of an IP packet of type ICMP
- * ECHO_REPLY will always be 8 bytes more than the requested data space
- * (the ICMP header).
- *
- * If the data space is at least eight bytes large, ping uses the first
- * eight bytes of this space to include a timestamp which it uses in
- * the computation of round trip times. If less than eight bytes of
- * pad are specified, no round trip times are given.
- *
- * DUPLICATE AND DAMAGED PACKETS
- * Ping will report duplicate and damaged packets. Duplicate packets
- * should never occur, and seem to be caused by inappropriate
- * link-level retransmissions. Duplicates may occur in many situations
- * and are rarely (if ever) a good sign, although the presence of low
- * levels of duplicates may not always be cause for alarm.
- *
- * Damaged packets are obviously serious cause for alarm and often
- * indicate broken hardware somewhere in the ping packet's path (in the
- * network or in the hosts).
- *
- * TRYING DIFFERENT DATA PATTERNS
- * The (inter)network layer should never treat packets differently
- * depending on the data contained in the data portion. Unfortunately,
- * data-dependent problems have been known to sneak into networks and
- * remain undetected for long periods of time. In many cases the
- * particular pattern that will have problems is something that doesn't
- * have sufficient ``transitions'', such as all ones or all zeros, or a
- * pattern right at the edge, such as almost all zeros. It isn't
- * necessarily enough to specify a data pattern of all zeros (for
- * example) on the command line because the pattern that is of interest
- * is at the data link level, and the relationship between what you
- * type and what the controllers transmit can be complicated.
- *
- * This means that if you have a data-dependent problem you will
- * probably have to do a lot of testing to find it. If you are lucky,
- * you may manage to find a file that either can't be sent across your
- * network or that takes much longer to transfer than other similar
- * length files. You can then examine this file for repeated patterns
- * that you can test using the -p option of ping.
- *
- * TTL DETAILS
- * The TTL value of an IP packet represents the maximum number of IP
- * routers that the packet can go through before being thrown away. In
- * current practice you can expect each router in the Internet to
- * decrement the TTL field by exactly one.
- *
- * The TCP/IP specification states that the TTL field for TCP packets
- * should be set to 60, but many systems use smaller values (4.3 BSD
- * uses 30, 4.2 used 15). The AmiTCP/IP uses normally TTL value 30.
- *
- * The maximum possible value of this field is 255, and most systems
- * set the TTL field of ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to 255. This is why
- * you will find you can ``ping'' some hosts, but not reach them with
- * telnet or ftp.
- *
- * In normal operation ping prints the ttl value from the packet it re-
- * ceives. When a remote system receives a ping packet, it can do one
- * of three things with the TTL field in its response:
- *
- * · Not change it; this is what Berkeley Unix systems did before the
- * 4.3BSD-Tahoe release. In this case the TTL value in the
- * received packet will be 255 minus the number of routers in the
- * round-trip path.
- *
- * · Set it to 255; this is what AmiTCP/IP and current Berkeley Unix
- * systems do. In this case the TTL value in the received packet
- * will be 255 minus the number of routers in the path from the
- * remote system to the pinging host.
- *
- * · Set it to some other value. Some machines use the same value
- * for ICMP packets that they use for TCP packets, for example
- * either 30 or 60. Others may use completely wild values.
- *
- * BUGS
- * Many Hosts and Gateways ignore the RECORD_ROUTE option.
- *
- * The maximum IP header length is too small for options like
- * RECORD_ROUTE to be completely useful. There's not much that that
- * can be done about this, however.
- *
- * Flood pinging is not recommended in general, and flood pinging the
- * broadcast address should only be done under very controlled
- * conditions.
- *
- * SEE ALSO
- * netstat, ifconfig
- *
- * AUTHOR
- * The ping command originally appeared in 4.3BSD.
- *
- *****************************************************************************
- *
- */
-
- /*
- * P I N G . C
- *
- * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
- * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
- *
- * Author -
- * Mike Muuss
- * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
- * December, 1983
- *
- * Status -
- * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited.
- * Bugs -
- * More statistics could always be gathered.
- */
-
- #ifdef AMIGA
- #if __SASC
- #include <proto/socket.h>
- #elif __GNUC__
- #include <inline/socket.h>
- #else
- #include <clib/socket_protos.h>
- #endif
- #define ioctl IoctlSocket
-
- /* Correct prototype for the CheckIO.
- * (The one in clib/exec_protos.h has wrong return value type: BOOL (16 bits)
- * instead of a pointer (32 bits)!)
- */
- struct IORequest * CheckIO(struct IORequest *req);
-
- #endif /* AMIGA */
-
- #include <sys/param.h>
- #include <sys/socket.h>
- #include <sys/time.h>
-
- #ifdef __SASC
- #include <signal.h>
- #else
- #include <sys/file.h>
- #include <sys/signal.h>
- #endif
-
- #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
- #include <netinet/in.h>
- #include <netinet/ip.h>
- #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
- #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
- #include <netdb.h>
- #include <arpa/inet.h>
- /* #include <unistd.h> */
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <ctype.h>
- #include <errno.h>
- #include <string.h>
-
- #define DEFDATALEN (64 - 8) /* default data length */
- #define MAXIPLEN 60
- #define MAXICMPLEN 76
- #define MAXPACKET (65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */
- #define MAXWAIT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */
- #define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */
-
- #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */
- #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */
- #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit))
- #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
- #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit))
-
- /* various options */
- int options;
- #define F_FLOOD 0x001
- #define F_INTERVAL 0x002
- #define F_NUMERIC 0x004
- #define F_PINGFILLED 0x008
- #define F_QUIET 0x010
- #define F_RROUTE 0x020
- #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x040
- #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x080
- #define F_VERBOSE 0x100
-
- /*
- * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
- * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128
- * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
- */
- #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128)
- int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
- char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
-
- struct sockaddr whereto; /* who to ping */
- int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
- int s = -1; /* socket file descriptor */
- u_char outpack[MAXPACKET];
- char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */
- char DOT = '.';
- char *hostname;
- long ident; /* process id to identify our packets */
-
- /* counters */
- long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */
- long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */
- long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */
- long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
- int interval = 1; /* interval between packets */
-
- /* timing */
- int timing; /* flag to do timing */
- long tmin = LONG_MAX; /* minimum round trip time */
- long tmax; /* maximum round trip time */
- u_long tsum; /* sum of all times, for doing average */
-
- char *pr_addr(u_long l);
- void catcher(void), pinger(void), finish(void), usage(void);
- void pr_pack(char *buf, int cc, struct sockaddr_in *from);
- void pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp);
- void pr_iph(struct ip *ip);
- void pr_retip(struct ip *ip);
- void fill(char *bp, char *patp);
- int in_cksum(u_short *addr, int len);
- void tvsub(register struct timeval *out, register struct timeval *in);
-
- #ifdef AMIGA
- /*
- * Other Amiga dependent stuff
- */
- #ifdef __SASC
- #include <clib/exec_protos.h>
- #include <pragmas/exec_sysbase_pragmas.h>
- extern struct ExecBase *SysBase;
- #endif
- #include <dos/dos.h>
-
- #define getpid(x) ((ULONG)FindTask(NULL)) /* This is only for ident... */
-
- struct MsgPort *timerport = NULL;
- struct timerequest *timermsg = NULL;
- BOOL notopen = TRUE;
- #define TimerBase (timermsg->tr_node.io_Device)
-
- void
- clean_timer(void)
- {
- if (timermsg) {
- if (!notopen) {
- if (!CheckIO((struct IORequest*)timermsg)) {
- AbortIO((struct IORequest*)timermsg);
- WaitIO((struct IORequest*)timermsg);
- }
- CloseDevice((struct IORequest*)timermsg);
- notopen = TRUE;
- }
- DeleteIORequest(timermsg);
- timermsg = NULL;
- }
- if (timerport) {
- DeleteMsgPort(timerport);
- timerport = NULL;
- }
- }
- #endif
-
- main(argc, argv)
- int argc;
- char **argv;
- {
- extern int errno, optind;
- extern char *optarg;
- struct timeval timeout;
- struct hostent *hp;
- struct sockaddr_in *to;
- struct protoent *proto;
- register int i;
- int ch, fdmask, hold, packlen, preload;
- u_char *datap, *packet;
- char *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], *malloc();
- #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
- char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */
- #endif
- #ifdef AMIGA
- ULONG timermask;
- #endif
- preload = 0;
- datap = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)];
- while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Rc:dfh:i:l:np:qrs:v")) != EOF)
- switch(ch) {
- case 'c':
- npackets = atoi(optarg);
- if (npackets <= 0) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: bad number of packets to transmit.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- break;
- case 'd':
- options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
- break;
- case 'f':
- #ifndef AMIGA
- if (getuid()) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: %s\n", strerror(EPERM));
- exit(1);
- }
- #endif
- options |= F_FLOOD;
- setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
- break;
- case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */
- interval = atoi(optarg);
- if (interval <= 0) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: bad timing interval.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- options |= F_INTERVAL;
- break;
- case 'l':
- preload = atoi(optarg);
- if (preload < 0) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: bad preload value.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- break;
- case 'n':
- options |= F_NUMERIC;
- break;
- case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */
- options |= F_PINGFILLED;
- fill((char *)datap, optarg);
- break;
- case 'q':
- options |= F_QUIET;
- break;
- case 'R':
- options |= F_RROUTE;
- break;
- case 'r':
- options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
- break;
- case 's': /* size of packet to send */
- datalen = atoi(optarg);
- if (datalen > MAXPACKET) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: packet size too large.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- if (datalen <= 0) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: illegal packet size.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- break;
- case 'v':
- options |= F_VERBOSE;
- break;
- default:
- usage();
- }
- argc -= optind;
- argv += optind;
-
- if (argc != 1)
- usage();
- target = *argv;
-
- bzero((char *)&whereto, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
- to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto;
- to->sin_len = sizeof(*to);
- to->sin_family = AF_INET;
- to->sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(target);
- if (to->sin_addr.s_addr != (u_int)-1)
- hostname = target;
- else {
- hp = gethostbyname(target);
- if (!hp) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown host %s\n", target);
- exit(1);
- }
- to->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
- bcopy(hp->h_addr, (caddr_t)&to->sin_addr, hp->h_length);
- (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
- hostname = hnamebuf;
- }
-
- if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: -f and -i incompatible options.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
-
- if (datalen >= sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */
- timing = 1;
- packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN;
- if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen))) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
- for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i)
- *datap++ = i;
-
- ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
-
- if (!(proto = getprotobyname("icmp"))) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown protocol icmp.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
-
- #ifdef AMIGA
- signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
- atexit(clean_timer);
-
- timerport = CreateMsgPort();
- if (!timerport) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: could not create timer port.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- timermask = 1<<timerport->mp_SigBit;
-
- timermsg = CreateIORequest(timerport, sizeof(*timermsg));
- if (!timermsg) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: could not create timer message.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
-
- if (notopen = OpenDevice("timer.device", UNIT_MICROHZ,
- (struct IORequest *)timermsg, 0)) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: could not open timer device.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
-
- timermsg->tr_node.io_Command = TR_ADDREQUEST;
- timermsg->tr_time.tv_secs = 1L;
- timermsg->tr_time.tv_micro = 0L;
- /* don't confuse CheckIO */
- timermsg->tr_node.io_Message.mn_Node.ln_Type = NT_REPLYMSG;
- SetSocketSignals(timermask | SIGBREAKF_CTRL_C, 0L, 0L);
- #endif
-
- if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto->p_proto)) < 0) {
- perror("ping: socket");
- exit(1);
- }
- hold = 1;
- if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
- (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
- sizeof(hold));
- if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
- (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
- sizeof(hold));
-
- /* record route option */
- if (options & F_RROUTE) {
- #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
- rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
- rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1;
- rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
- if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
- sizeof(rspace)) < 0) {
- perror("ping: record route");
- exit(1);
- }
- #else
- (void)fprintf(stderr,
- "ping: record route not available in this implementation.\n");
- exit(1);
- #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
- }
-
- /*
- * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
- * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
- * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
- * /etc/ethers.
- */
- hold = 48 * 1024;
- (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
- sizeof(hold));
-
- if (to->sin_family == AF_INET)
- (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname,
- inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&to->sin_addr.s_addr),
- datalen);
- else
- (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
-
- #ifndef AMIGA
- (void)signal(SIGINT, finish);
- (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher);
- #endif
-
- while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */
- pinger();
-
- if ((options & F_FLOOD) == 0)
- catcher(); /* start things going */
-
- for (;;) {
- struct sockaddr_in from;
- register int cc;
- int fromlen;
-
- #ifdef AMIGA
- /* Check for special signals */
- ULONG sm = SetSignal(0L, timermask | SIGBREAKF_CTRL_C);
- if (sm & SIGBREAKF_CTRL_C)
- finish();
- if (sm & timermask && GetMsg(timerport))
- catcher();
- #endif
-
- if (options & F_FLOOD) {
- pinger();
- timeout.tv_sec = 0;
- timeout.tv_usec = 10000;
- fdmask = 1 << s;
- if (select(s + 1, (fd_set *)&fdmask, (fd_set *)NULL,
- (fd_set *)NULL, &timeout) < 1)
- continue;
- }
- fromlen = sizeof(from);
- if ((cc = recvfrom(s, (char *)packet, packlen, 0,
- (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen)) < 0) {
- if (errno == EINTR)
- continue;
- perror("ping: recvfrom");
- continue;
- }
- pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from);
- if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)
- break;
- }
- finish();
- /* NOTREACHED */
- }
-
- /*
- * catcher --
- * This routine causes another PING to be transmitted, and then
- * schedules another SIGALRM for 1 second from now.
- *
- * bug --
- * Our sense of time will slowly skew (i.e., packets will not be
- * launched exactly at 1-second intervals). This does not affect the
- * quality of the delay and loss statistics.
- *
- * notes --
- * This routine uses timer.device in Amiga implementation instead
- * of SIGALRM.
- */
- void
- catcher()
- {
- #ifdef AMIGA
- static int waittime = 0;
-
- if (waittime)
- finish();
-
- pinger();
-
- if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) {
- timermsg->tr_time.tv_sec = interval;
- SendIO((struct IORequest*)timermsg);
- } else {
- if (nreceived) {
- waittime = 2 * tmax / 1000;
- if (!waittime)
- waittime = 1;
- } else
- waittime = MAXWAIT;
- timermsg->tr_time.tv_sec = waittime;
- SendIO((struct IORequest*)timermsg);
- }
- #else
- int waittime;
-
- pinger();
- (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher);
- if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
- alarm((u_int)interval);
- else {
- if (nreceived) {
- waittime = 2 * tmax / 1000;
- if (!waittime)
- waittime = 1;
- } else
- waittime = MAXWAIT;
- (void)signal(SIGALRM, finish);
- (void)alarm((u_int)waittime);
- }
- #endif
- }
-
- /*
- * pinger --
- * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet
- * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our process ID,
- * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes
- * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in native
- * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
- */
- void
- pinger()
- {
- register struct icmp *icp;
- register int cc;
- int i;
-
- icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
- icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
- icp->icmp_code = 0;
- icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
- icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted++;
- icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */
-
- CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
-
- if (timing)
- #ifdef AMIGA
- (void)ReadEClock((struct EClockVal *)&outpack[8]);
- #else
- (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8],
- (struct timezone *)NULL);
- #endif
- cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */
-
- /* compute ICMP checksum here */
- icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
-
- i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, &whereto,
- sizeof(struct sockaddr));
-
- if (i < 0 || i != cc) {
- if (i < 0)
- perror("ping: sendto");
- (void)printf("ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n",
- hostname, cc, i);
- }
- if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
- (void)write(1, &DOT, 1);
- }
-
- /*
- * pr_pack --
- * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary
- * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
- * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this
- * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
- */
- void
- pr_pack(buf, cc, from)
- char *buf;
- int cc;
- struct sockaddr_in *from;
- {
- register struct icmp *icp;
- register u_long l;
- register int i, j;
- register u_char *cp,*dp;
- static int old_rrlen;
- static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
- struct ip *ip;
- struct timeval tv, *tp;
- long triptime;
- int hlen, dupflag;
-
- #ifdef AMIGA
- ULONG efreq = ReadEClock((struct EClockVal *)&tv);
- #else
- (void)gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)NULL);
- #endif
- /* Check the IP header */
- ip = (struct ip *)buf;
- hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
- if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
- if (options & F_VERBOSE)
- (void)fprintf(stderr,
- "ping: packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc,
- inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr));
- return;
- }
-
- /* Now the ICMP part */
- cc -= hlen;
- icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
- if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
- if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
- return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */
- ++nreceived;
- if (timing) {
- #ifndef icmp_data
- tp = (struct timeval *)&icp->icmp_ip;
- #else
- tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data;
- #endif
- #ifdef AMIGA
- /* EClockVal is actually a unsigned long long */
- if (tv.tv_micro < tp->tv_micro)
- tv.tv_sec--;
- tv.tv_micro -= tp->tv_micro;
- tv.tv_secs -= tp->tv_secs;
- triptime = tv.tv_micro / (efreq / 1000);
- if (tv.tv_secs)
- triptime += tv.tv_sec * 250 * ((1<<30) / efreq);
- #else
- tvsub(&tv, tp);
- triptime = tv.tv_sec * 1000 + (tv.tv_usec / 1000);
- #endif
- tsum += triptime;
- if (triptime < tmin)
- tmin = triptime;
- if (triptime > tmax)
- tmax = triptime;
- }
-
- if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
- ++nrepeats;
- --nreceived;
- dupflag = 1;
- } else {
- SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
- dupflag = 0;
- }
-
- if (options & F_QUIET)
- return;
-
- if (options & F_FLOOD)
- (void)write(1, &BSPACE, 1);
- else {
- (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
- inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
- icp->icmp_seq);
- (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
- if (timing)
- (void)printf(" time=%ld ms", triptime);
- if (dupflag)
- (void)printf(" (DUP!)");
- /* check the data */
- cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[8];
- dp = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)];
- for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) {
- if (*cp != *dp) {
- (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
- i, *dp, *cp);
- cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
- for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
- if ((i % 32) == 8)
- (void)printf("\n\t");
- (void)printf("%x ", *cp);
- }
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- } else {
- /* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */
- if (!(options & F_VERBOSE))
- return;
- (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
- pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr));
- pr_icmph(icp);
- }
-
- /* Display any IP options */
- cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
-
- for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
- switch (*cp) {
- case IPOPT_EOL:
- hlen = 0;
- break;
- case IPOPT_LSRR:
- (void)printf("\nLSRR: ");
- hlen -= 2;
- j = *++cp;
- ++cp;
- if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF)
- for (;;) {
- l = *++cp;
- l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
- l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
- l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
- if (l == 0)
- (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
- else
- (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l)));
- hlen -= 4;
- j -= 4;
- if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF)
- break;
- (void)putchar('\n');
- }
- break;
- case IPOPT_RR:
- j = *++cp; /* get length */
- i = *++cp; /* and pointer */
- hlen -= 2;
- if (i > j)
- i = j;
- i -= IPOPT_MINOFF;
- if (i <= 0)
- continue;
- if (i == old_rrlen
- && cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip) + 2
- && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
- && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
- (void)printf("\t(same route)");
- i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4;
- hlen -= i;
- cp += i;
- break;
- }
- old_rrlen = i;
- bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
- (void)printf("\nRR: ");
- for (;;) {
- l = *++cp;
- l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
- l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
- l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
- if (l == 0)
- (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
- else
- (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l)));
- hlen -= 4;
- i -= 4;
- if (i <= 0)
- break;
- (void)putchar('\n');
- }
- break;
- case IPOPT_NOP:
- (void)printf("\nNOP");
- break;
- default:
- (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
- break;
- }
- if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
- (void)putchar('\n');
- (void)fflush(stdout);
- }
- }
-
- /*
- * in_cksum --
- * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
- */
- int
- in_cksum(addr, len)
- u_short *addr;
- int len;
- {
- register int nleft = len;
- register u_short *w = addr;
- register int sum = 0;
- u_short answer = 0;
-
- /*
- * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
- * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
- * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
- */
- while (nleft > 1) {
- sum += *w++;
- nleft -= 2;
- }
-
- /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
- if (nleft == 1) {
- *(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *)w ;
- sum += answer;
- }
-
- /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
- sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
- sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */
- answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */
- return(answer);
- }
-
- /*
- * tvsub --
- * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to
- * be >= in.
- */
- void
- tvsub(out, in)
- register struct timeval *out, *in;
- {
- if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
- --out->tv_sec;
- out->tv_usec += 1000000;
- }
- out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
- }
-
- /*
- * finish --
- * Print out statistics, and give up.
- */
- void
- finish()
- {
- (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
- (void)putchar('\n');
- (void)fflush(stdout);
- (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
- (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
- (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
- if (nrepeats)
- (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
- if (ntransmitted)
- if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
- (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
- else
- (void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
- (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
- ntransmitted));
- (void)putchar('\n');
- if (nreceived && timing)
- (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %ld/%lu/%ld ms\n",
- tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax);
- exit(0);
- }
-
- #ifdef notdef
- static char *ttab[] = {
- "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */
- "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
- "Source Quench", /* IP */
- "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */
- "Echo",
- "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */
- "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */
- "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */
- "Timestamp Reply", /* " */
- "Info Request", /* id + sq */
- "Info Reply" /* " */
- };
- #endif
-
- /*
- * pr_icmph --
- * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
- */
- void
- pr_icmph(icp)
- struct icmp *icp;
- {
- switch(icp->icmp_type) {
- case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
- (void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
- /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
- break;
- case ICMP_UNREACH:
- switch(icp->icmp_code) {
- case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
- (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
- break;
- case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
- (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
- break;
- case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
- (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
- break;
- case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
- (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
- break;
- case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
- (void)printf("frag needed and DF set\n");
- break;
- case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
- (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
- break;
- default:
- (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
- icp->icmp_code);
- break;
- }
- /* Print returned IP header information */
- #ifndef icmp_data
- pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
- #else
- pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
- #endif
- break;
- case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
- (void)printf("Source Quench\n");
- #ifndef icmp_data
- pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
- #else
- pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
- #endif
- break;
- case ICMP_REDIRECT:
- switch(icp->icmp_code) {
- case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
- (void)printf("Redirect Network");
- break;
- case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
- (void)printf("Redirect Host");
- break;
- case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
- (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
- break;
- case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
- (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
- break;
- default:
- (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
- break;
- }
- (void)printf("(New addr: 0x%08lx)\n", icp->icmp_gwaddr.s_addr);
- #ifndef icmp_data
- pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
- #else
- pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
- #endif
- break;
- case ICMP_ECHO:
- (void)printf("Echo Request\n");
- /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
- break;
- case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
- switch(icp->icmp_code) {
- case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
- (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
- break;
- case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
- (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
- break;
- default:
- (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
- icp->icmp_code);
- break;
- }
- #ifndef icmp_data
- pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
- #else
- pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
- #endif
- break;
- case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
- (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
- icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
- #ifndef icmp_data
- pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
- #else
- pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
- #endif
- break;
- case ICMP_TSTAMP:
- (void)printf("Timestamp\n");
- /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
- break;
- case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
- (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
- /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
- break;
- case ICMP_IREQ:
- (void)printf("Information Request\n");
- /* XXX ID + Seq */
- break;
- case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
- (void)printf("Information Reply\n");
- /* XXX ID + Seq */
- break;
- #ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ
- case ICMP_MASKREQ:
- (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
- break;
- #endif
- #ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY
- case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
- (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
- break;
- #endif
- default:
- (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
- }
- }
-
- /*
- * pr_iph --
- * Print an IP header with options.
- */
- void
- pr_iph(ip)
- struct ip *ip;
- {
- int hlen;
- u_char *cp;
-
- hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
- cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */
-
- (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n");
- (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x",
- ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id);
- (void)printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
- (ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
- (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum);
- (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
- (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
- /* dump and option bytes */
- while (hlen-- > 20) {
- (void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
- }
- (void)putchar('\n');
- }
-
- /*
- * pr_addr --
- * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
- * a hostname.
- */
- char *
- pr_addr(l)
- u_long l;
- {
- struct hostent *hp;
- static char buf[80];
-
- if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
- !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&l, 4, AF_INET)))
- (void)sprintf(buf, "%s", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l));
- else
- (void)sprintf(buf, "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
- inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l));
- return(buf);
- }
-
- /*
- * pr_retip --
- * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
- */
- void
- pr_retip(ip)
- struct ip *ip;
- {
- int hlen;
- u_char *cp;
-
- pr_iph(ip);
- hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
- cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
-
- if (ip->ip_p == 6)
- (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
- (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
- else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
- (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
- (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
- }
-
- void
- fill(bp, patp)
- char *bp, *patp;
- {
- register int ii, jj, kk;
- int pat[16];
- char *cp;
-
- for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++)
- if (!isxdigit(*cp)) {
- (void)fprintf(stderr,
- "ping: patterns must be specified as hex digits.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- ii = sscanf(patp,
- "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
- &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
- &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
- &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
-
- if (ii > 0)
- for (kk = 0; kk <= MAXPACKET - (8 + ii); kk += ii)
- for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
- bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
- if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
- (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
- for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
- (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
- (void)printf("\n");
- }
- }
-
- void
- usage()
- {
- (void)fprintf(stderr,
- "usage: ping [-Rdfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload]\n"
- "\t[-p pattern] [-s packetsize] host\n");
- exit(1);
- }
-